What substance do bees produce that helps in cell construction within the hive?

Bees produce beeswax, which is a crucial material for constructing the hexagonal cells in their hives. Worker bees secrete beeswax from special glands on their abdomens. The wax initially appears as small flakes that must be chewed and molded by the bees to create the structure of honeycomb. This material provides the necessary strength and durability for storing honey, pollen, and for housing the brood (eggs, larvae, and pupae). The unique properties of beeswax, such as its ability to retain heat and its moisture-resistant nature, make it an ideal substance for maintaining a stable environment within the hive.

In contrast, nectar is primarily a food source for bees, which they convert into honey. Pollen serves as a source of protein and other nutrients, essential for feeding the developing brood. Propolis, known as bee glue, is a resinous mixture used for sealing gaps and providing antibacterial properties to help maintain hive hygiene but is not used for constructing the structure itself.