What is the function of propolis in the hive?

Propolis serves a vital role in the health and integrity of a beehive by sealing gaps and providing protection against pathogens. This resinous substance, collected from tree buds and other botanical sources by bees, is used to cover cracks and entrances, creating a barrier that helps maintain the internal environment of the hive. By sealing these openings, propolis also aids in preventing the entry of unwanted pests and pathogens, thus enhancing the overall hygiene of the colony. Additionally, its antimicrobial properties contribute to reducing the risk of disease within the hive, making it a critical component of the bees' efforts to ensure their survival and well-being.